Tests, or data, give the teacher more information about what areas in a particular subject, also known as domains, are for each student.  

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For example there is a large difference between a student having a problem with how letters sound versus a student who can not remember what they just read outloud.

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There is not a one fix for all students, so looking at the data is important to help you AND the student understand what areas need work.

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Each School has their own preferred "measuring" test, such as the STAR, Global Scantron, Classworks, or ACT aspire.  Check with your counselor about which test your school is currently using.